Following an elementary description of superconductivity, Pines will review the development of the microscopic theory by John Bardeen and others at the University of Illinois in the late 1950s. Pines will then describe the search for superconductivity and superfluidity in the universe, from the low temperature helium liquids to the celestial superfluids found inside pulsars, with special attention to understanding 'high temperature' superconductivity in the recently discovered copper oxides.