Four centuries ago Musim scholars began promoting a shift in Islamic society from other-worldiness, associated with mysticism, toward a this-worldly faith.  This-worldly activists emphasized God's transcendence, personal responsibility before God, and the need to create a righteous society on earth in order to achieve salvation.  This shift became more pronounced in response to the assertion of western power throughout the Muslim world in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and has powerfully informed the modern Islamic revival.

Hosted by: Program in South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies

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